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Hand Diploma

Reading Lists/Resource Material

Links provided are to help locate the resources. You may need to obtain the full articles via other routes

Module 1: Basic Sciences

Embryology/Anatomy

Al-Qattan MM, Kozin SH. Update on embryology of the upper limb. J Hand Surg Am. 2013 Sep;38(9):1835-44.

doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2013.03.018. Epub 2013 May 17. PMID: 23684522.

Pathology

      Boyer MI. Flexor tendon biology. Hand Clin. 2005 May;21(2):159-66.

      doi: 10.1016/j.hcl.2004.11.009. PMID: 15882594

Rehabilitation

       Splinting - https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/know/orthotic-intervention-for-the-hand-and-upper-extremity

       Scar Management - https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/scars/treatment

Medicolegal

           Bond Solon, www.bondsolon.com. This is not a reference however for any doctor considering medicolegal work, this company’s courses may be beneficial.

          Guidance for instruction of experts to give evidence in civil claims. Civil justice Council.                                    www.judiciary.gov.uk

Imaging

             MRI, Ultrasound and CT Imaging of the Hand and Wrist: Techniques and applications. Edited by Mark A. Davies,            Andrew J. Grainger, Steven J. James. Springer 2013. CT, MRI and Ultrasound p37-80.

Prostheses

       John Michael, Chapter 7B: Prosthetic and Orthotic Management, p217-225

and

         Jean Pillet, Evelyn J Mackin - Chapter 7C: Aesthetic Restoration, p227-235.

in 

       Atlas of Limb Prosthetics: Surgical, Prosthetic, and Rehabilitation Principles: Partial Hand                                                             Amputation, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. St. Louis ; London : Mosby Year Book, c.1992.

Research

       Hartung DM, Touchette D. Overview of clinical research design. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2009 Feb 5;66(4):398-408.

       doi: 10.2146/ajhp080300. PMID: 19202050

Tourniquets

            https://tourniquets.org

BOAST - The Safe Use of Intraoperative Tourniquets

www.boa.ac.uk/resources/boast-the-safe-use-of-intraoperative-tourniquets.html

 

Module 2: Skin, Soft Tissues & Infection 

  1. Sabapathy SR, del Pinal F, Boyer MI, Lee DC, Sebastin SJ, Venkatramani H: Management of a mutilated hand: the current trends. J Hand Surg Eur. 2022, 47(1): 98-104.
  2. Adani R, Tang JB, Elliot D: Soft tissue repair of the hand and digital reconstruction. J Hand Surg Eur. 2022, 47(1): 89-97
  3. Prucz RB, Friedrich JB. Upper extremity replantation: current concepts. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014 Feb;133(2):333-42
  4. Pickrell BB, Daly MC, Freniere B, Higgins JP, Safa B, Eberle KR: Leech Therapy Following Digital Replantation and Revascularization. J Hand Surg Am. 2020; 45(7):638-643.
  5. Watt AJ, Friedrich JB, Huang JI. Advances in treating skin defects of the hand: skin substitutes and negative pressure wound therapy. Hand Clin. 2012, 28(4): 519-28.
  6. Graham DJ, Sivakumar B, Stewart NC, Jones NF: Dermatology and Skin Conditions for Hand Surgeons. J Hand Surg Am. 2022; 47(6):562-572.
  7. Shenaq DS, Gottlieb LJ: Cold injuries. Hand Clin 2017, 33: 257-267
  8. Goutos I, Cogswell LK, Giele HJ. Extravasation Injuries: A Review. J Hand Surg Eur. 2014 Oct, 39(8): 808-18.
  9. Amsdell SL, Hammert WC. High-pressure injection injuries in the hand: current treatment concepts. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013, 132(4): 586e-591e.
  10. Koshy JC, Bryce B: Hand infections. J Hand Surg Am. 2019;44(1):46-54
  11. Al-Qattan MM, Helmi AA. Chronic hand infections. J Hand Surg Am. 2014 Aug;39(8):1636-45
 

Module 3: Fractures, Injury & Instability

Fracture of the Hand & Wrist

  1. AO website resource: www.aofoundation.org  
  2. Rikli DA, Regazzoni P. Fractures of the distal end of the radius treated by internal fixation and early function. A preliminary report of 20 cases. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1996 Jul;78(4):588-92. PMID: 8682826.  
  3. Orbay, J; Volar Plate Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures; Hand Clinics, 2005, Vol 21(3), 347-354
  4. Schneppendahl J, Windolf J, Kaufmann RA. Distal radius fractures: current concepts. J Hand Surg Am. 2012 Aug; 37(8):1718-25.
  5. Costa M, Achten J, Parsons N, Rangan A, Griffin D, Tubeuf S, Lamb S. Percutaneous Fixation with Kirschner Wires Versus Volar Locking Plate Fixation In Adults With Dorsally Displaced Fracture Of Distal Radius: Randomised Controlled Trial (DRAFFT).  BMJ 2014; 349: g4807

Wrist Instability

       6. Gilula and IWIW. Wrist terminology. JBJS 84A, Supplement 1, 2002.

       7. Trail IA, Stanley JK, Hayton MJ Twenty questions on carpal instability. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2007 Jun;32(3):240-55.

       8. Mayfield, Johnson & Kilcoyne. Carpal dislocations; pathomechanics and progressive perilunar instability. Journal of Hand Surgery, 1980;5:226-241.

       9. https://www.ifssh.info/pdf/Carpal_Instability_Part_1_2016_FINAL_Formatted_for_website_and_book.pdf

      10. https://www.ifssh.info/pdf/Carpal_Instability_Part_2_2016_FINAL_Formatted_for_website_and_book.pdf

Clinical Management

        11. Chennagiri RJ, Lindau TR. Assessment of scapholunate instability and review of evidence for management in the absence of arthritis. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2013 Sep;38(7):727-38.

        12. Slutsky DJ, Nagle DJ. Wrist arthroscopy: current concepts. J Hand Surg Am. 2008 Sep;33(7):1228-44

DRUJ

        13.  Lees V C. Functional anatomy of the distal radioulnar joint in health and disease. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2013        Apr;95(3):163-70.

Scaphoid Fractures

        14. Davis TR. Prediction of outcome of non-operative treatment of acute scaphoid waist fracture. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2013 Apr;95(3):171-6.

        15.  Dias JJ, Singh HP. Displaced fracture of the waist of the scaphoid. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2011 Nov;93(11):1433-9. Review.

        16. Dias j et al; Surgery versus cast immobilisation for adults with a bicortical fracture of the scaphoid waist (SWIFFT): a pragmatic, multicentre, open-label, randomised superiority trial; The Lancet, August 2020, vol 396, issue 10248, 390-401

 

Module 4: Osteo & Inflammation

  1. Ahmadi AR, Duraku LS, van der Oest MJW, Hundepool CA, Selles RW, Zuidam JM. The never-ending battle between proximal row carpectomy and four corner arthrodesis: A systematic review and meta-analysis for the final verdict. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2022;75(2):711-721.
  2. Chin KWTK, Engelsman AF, van Gulik TM, Strackee SD. Selective denervation of the wrist for chronic pain: a systematic literature review. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2020;45(3):265-272.
  3. Li YK, White C, Ignacy T, Thoma A.Comparison of trapeziectomy and trapeziectomy with ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition: a systematic literature review. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011;128(1):199-207.
  4. Raj S, Clay R, Ramji S, Shaunak R, Dadrewalla A, Sinha V, Shaunak S. Trapeziectomy versus joint replacement for the first carpometacarpal (CMC1) joint osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2022;32(6)1001-1021.
  5. Deans V, Naqui Z, Muir L. Scaphotrapeziotrapezoidal joint osteoarthritis: A systematic review of surgical treatment. J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol. 2017;22(1):1-9.
  6. Spaans AJ, van Minnen LP, Kon M, Schuurman AH, Schreuders AR, Vermeulen GM. Conservative treatment of thumb base osteoarthritis: a systematic review. J Hand Surg Am. 2015;40(1):16-21.e1-6.
  7. Shin HY, Kim JK, Han M, Lee TK, Yoon JO. Comparison of long-term outcomes of radial osteotomy and non-operative treatment for Kienbőck Disease: A systematic review. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2018. 18;100(14):1231-1240.
  8. Zhu XM, Perera E, Gohal C, Dennis B, Khan M, Alolabi B. A systematic review of outcomes of wrist arthrodesis and wrist arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2021;46(3):297-303.
  9. Chung KC. Current concepts in the management of the rheumatoid hand. JHS (A) 2011, 36(4): 736-747
  10. Kozlow, J & Chung, K Current Concepts in the Surgical Management of Rheumatoid and Osteoarthritic Hands and Wrists Hand Clinics 2011, 27 (1): 31
 

Module 5: Tendon Disorders

  1. Doyle JR. Anatomy of the flexor tendon sheath and pulley system: A current review. J Hand Surg 1989, l4A: 349-351.
  1. Chang J. Studies in Flexor Tendon Reconstruction: Biomolecular Modulation of Tendon Repair and Tissue Engineering J Hand Surg 2012, 37A: 552-561.
  1. Savage R, Risitano G. Flexor tendon repair using a “six strand” method of repair and early active mobilization. Journal of Hand Surgery (British Volume) 1989, 14B: 396-399.
  1. Starr HM, Snoddy M, MD, Hammond KE, MD, Seiler III JG. Flexor Tendon Repair Rehabilitation Protocols: A Systematic Review. J Hand Surg 2013, 38A: 1712-1717.
  1. From the IFSSH Flexor Tendon Committee (Chair: Jin Bo Tang) IFSSH Flexor Tendon Committee Report 2014 Jin Bo Tang, James Chang, David Elliot, Donald H. Lalonde, Michael Sandow and Esther Vögelin. The Journal of Hand Surgery 2014, Vol 39E (1) 107-115.
  1. Wu YF, Tang JB. Recent developments in flexor tendon repair techniques and factors influencing strength of the tendon repair. The JHS(E) 2014, 39E(1): 6-19.
  1. Elliot D. Primary flexor tendon repair-operative repair, pulley management and rehabilitation. J Hand Surg [Br] 2002, 27: 507-513.
  1. Dy JC, Hernandez-Soria A, Ma Y, PhD, Roberts TR, Daluiski A. Complications after Flexor Tendon Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Hand Surg 2012, 37A: 543-551.
  1. Ng CY, Chalmer J, Macdonald DJ, Mehta SS, Nuttall D, Watts AC Rehabilitation regimens following surgical repair of extensor tendon injuries of the hand-a systematic review of controlled trials. J Hand Microsurg. 2012, 4(2): 65-73.
  1. Brebels J, Mignon A. Polymer-Based Constructs for Flexor Tendon Repair: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022, Feb 23;14(5):867.
  1. Tang JB, Lalonde D, Harhaus L, Sadek AF, Moriya K, Pan ZJ. Flexor tendon repair: recent changes and current methods. J Hand Surg Eur 2022 Jan;47(1):31-39.
  1. Kanchanathepsak T, Wairojanakul W, Suppaphol S, Watcharananan I, Tuntiyatorn P, Tawonsawatruk T. Evaluation of biomechanical properties on partial and complete epitendinous suture in human cadaver flexor tendon repair. J Orthop Surg Res 2021 Aug 12;16(1):489.
 

Module 6: The Child's Hand

  1. Tonkin MA, Classification of congenital anomalies of the hand and upper limb. J Hand Surg Eu. 2017, 42(5): 448-456.
  2. Pino P Et al What’s new in Congenital Hand Surgery J Pediatr Orthop 2020 Sep;40(8):e753-760
  3. Konrad Mende et al. Surgical techniques for reconstruction of the hypoplastic thumb. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2019 Jan;44(1):15-24
  4. Sabharwal S et al. The pulseless supracondylar elbow fracture: A rational approach. Indian J Orthop. 2020 Oct 13;55(1)47-54
  5. Supracondylar Fractures of the Humerus in Children; BOAST Guidelines, 2018, updated 2020; https://www.boa.ac.uk/standards-guidance/boasts.html
  6. Guero S. Developmental biology of the upper limb. Hand Surg Rehabil 2018 Oct;37(5) 265-274
  7. Sood R et al. Syndactyly Release in the hand: Surgical technique PRS Jan 2022 Vol 149 Issue 1 p57e-59e
  8. Golash A & Watson JS. Nail Fold Creation in Complete Syndactyly using Buck-Gramcko Pulp Flaps. J Hand Surg (E) 2000; 25(1): 11-14
  9. Tonkin MA & Bulstrode NW. The Bilhaut-Cloquet Procedure for Wassel Types III, IV and VII Thumb Duplication. J Hand Surg (E) 2007; 32(6): 684-693
  10. Woodside JC & Light TR. Symbrachydactyly - Diagnosis, Function, Treatment.  J Hand Surg Am. 2016 Jan;41(1):135-43
  11. Gluck JS & Ezaki MB. Surgical Treatment of Macrodactyly. J Hand Surg Am 2015; 40(7): 1461-1468
  12. Tonkin MA, Hatrick NC, Eckersley JRT & Couzens G. Surgery for Cerebral Palsy Part 3: Classification and operative procedures for thumb deformity. J Hand Surg (Br) 2001; 26(5): 465-470
 

Module 7: Nerve Disorders 

  1. Hammert WC. Peripheral nerve conditions: Using evidence to guide treatment. Hand Clinics 2013, 29 (3): 317-458.
  2. Lundborg G. A 25 year perspective of peripheral nerve surgery: Evolving neuroscientific concepts and clinical significance. Journal of Hand Surgery 2000, 25A: 391-414.
  3. Hart AM, Wiberg M. Mini-Symposium: Nerve compression Syndromes: (i) Nerve compression or mechanical neuropathy: Neuropathology. Current Orthopaedics 2001, 15: 245-248.
  4. Giele H. Mini-Symposium: Nerve compression Syndromes: (ii) Evidence-based treatment of carpal tunnel. Current Orthopaedics 2001, 15: 249-255.
  5. Collier A. Burge P. Mini-Symposium: Nerve compression Syndromes: (iii) Management of mechanical neuropathy of the ulnar nerve at the elbow. Current Orthopaedics 2001, 15: 256-263.
  6. Schenker M, Kay SPJ. Mini-Symposium: Nerve compression Syndromes: (iv) Mechanical neuropathy at the thoracic outlet and associated pain syndrome. Current Orthopaedics 2001, 15: 264-274.
  7. Knutsen EJ, Calfee RP. Uncommon upper extremity compression neuropathies. Hand Clin. 2013, 29(3): 443-53.
  8. Fox IK, Mackinnon SE. Adult peripheral nerve disorders: Nerve entrapment, repair, transfer and brachial plexus disorders. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010, 127: 105e-118e.
  9. Moucharafieh RC, Badra MI, Boulos KA, Mansour JI, Daher JC, Wardani HM, Abd El Nour HG, Sayde EG and Nehme AH. Nerve transfers in the upper extremity: A review. Injury, 2020, 51(12):2804-10.
  10. Huayllani MT, Boczar D, Forte AJ, Rinker B. Evidence-Based Approach to Nerve Gap Repair in the Upper Extremity. A Review of the Literature and Current Algorithm for Surgical Management. Annals of Plastic Surgery. 2020, 84(6S):S369-74.
 

Module 8: Dupuytren's, Tumour, Vascular Disorders

Dupuytren’s Disease

  1. Tonkin MA, Burke FD & Varian JPW. Dupuytren’s contracture: A Comparative study of fasciectomy & dermofasciectomy in one hundred patients. Journal of Hand Surgery 1984, 9B: 156-162.
  2. Rodrigues JN, Becker GW, Ball C, Zhang W, Giele H, Hobby J, Pratt AL, Davis T. Surgery for Dupuytren's contracture of fingers (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 12. Art. No.: CD010143.
  3. Needle fasciotomy for Dupuytren's contracture. Interventional procedures guidance Published: 25 February 2004 www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ipg43

Tumours

      4. Murray M, Athanasian EA, Jebson PLJ. Tumours of the Hand and Upper Extremity: Principles of Diagnosis and Management I and II. Hand Clinics 2004, 20 (part 2&3).

       5.  Revised UK guidelines for the management of cutaneous melanoma: http://www.bad.org.uk/librarymedia/documents/Melanoma_2010.pdf

       6.  Telfer NR, Colver GB, Bowers PW. Guidelines for the management of basal cell carcinoma. British Journal of Dermatology 1999, 141: 415-423. http://www.mccn.nhs.uk/userfiles/documents/BCC_Guidelines.pdf

Vascular Disorders

       7.  Landry GJ. Current medical and surgical management of Raynaud's syndrome. J Vasc Surg 2013, 57(6): 1710-6.

       8.  Leversedge F, Moore T, Peterson B, Seiler J. Compartment Syndrome of the Upper Extremity. J Hand Surg 2011; 36A: 544-560

       9.  Friden J. Vibration damage to the hand: clinical presentation, prognosis and length and severity of vibration required. J Hand Surg. [Br] 2001, 26(5): 471-4.

       10.  Arshad A, McCarthy MJ. Management of limb ischaemia in the neonate and infant. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2009, 38(1): 61-5.

 

 

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